{"id":8106,"date":"2025-09-23T15:55:35","date_gmt":"2025-09-23T15:55:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.colaw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=8106"},"modified":"2025-09-23T15:56:15","modified_gmt":"2025-09-23T15:56:15","slug":"the-college-of-law-discusses-a-masters-thesis-on-the-theory-of-the-human-proxy-in-establishing-civil-liability-for-damages-caused-by-smart-machines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/en.colaw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=8106","title":{"rendered":"The College of Law Discusses a Master\u2019s thesis on The Theory of the Human Proxy in Establishing Civil Liability for Damages Caused by Smart Machines"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\" data-start=\"88\" data-end=\"377\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">The College of Law at the University of Baghdad discussed a master\u2019s thesis entitled <em data-start=\"173\" data-end=\"275\">\u201cThe Theory of the Human Proxy in Establishing Civil Liability for Damages Caused by Smart Machines\u201d<\/em> by student Haider Alaa Abdul-Hussein, on Thursday, September 18, 2025, at the Model Court Hall.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" data-start=\"379\" data-end=\"444\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">The discussion committee consisted of the following professors:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify\" data-start=\"446\" data-end=\"653\">\n<li data-start=\"446\" data-end=\"488\">\n<p data-start=\"449\" data-end=\"488\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">Prof. Dr. Haider Faleh Hassan (Chairman)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"489\" data-end=\"531\">\n<p data-start=\"492\" data-end=\"531\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">Prof. Dr. Habeeb Ubaid Mirza (Member)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"532\" data-end=\"588\">\n<p data-start=\"535\" data-end=\"588\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nada Abdul-Kadhim Hussein (Member)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"589\" data-end=\"653\">\n<p data-start=\"592\" data-end=\"653\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">Prof. Dr. Ali Mutashar Abdul-Sahib (Member and Supervisor).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"1054\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">The thesis aimed to identify the unique features of smart machines, to highlight the shortcomings of traditional theories of civil liability in addressing damages caused by these machines, and to analyze the theory of the human proxy as derived from the European Parliament\u2019s 2017 Resolution on Civil Law Rules on Robotics, viewing it as an attempt to fill the gaps left by classical theories.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" data-start=\"1056\" data-end=\"1341\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">The study was divided into three chapters: the first explored the concept of smart machines; the second evaluated traditional theories of civil liability concerning damages caused by smart machines; and the third analyzed the theory of the human proxy in establishing such liability.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" data-start=\"1343\" data-end=\"1409\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">The thesis concluded with several recommendations, most notably:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"1411\" data-end=\"2311\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\" data-start=\"1411\" data-end=\"1946\">\n<p data-start=\"1414\" data-end=\"1946\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">It proposes that the Iraqi legislator benefit from the European legislator\u2019s experience under the amended directive on defective products liability, by incorporating smart systems within the definition of \u201cproduct.\u201d This would include imposing disclosure obligations to facilitate the plaintiff\u2019s claim, and expanding the concept of defect by holding the producer liable for risks associated with the operation of smart machines even after they are placed on the market, given the producer\u2019s degree of control over their activity.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2311\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" data-start=\"1951\" data-end=\"2311\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18px\">It recommends drawing on the European Parliament\u2019s 2020 resolution on civil liability for damages caused by artificial intelligence systems, by distributing liability between the front-end and back-end operators of smart machines, and establishing their liability on an objective basis, supported by mandatory insurance and a complementary compensation fund.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The College of Law at the University of Baghdad discussed a master\u2019s thesis entitled \u201cThe Theory of the Human Proxy &#8230; <a class=\"cz_readmore cz_readmore_no_icon\" href=\"https:\/\/en.colaw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=8106\"><span>more<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":157,"featured_media":8108,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,6,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latest-news","category-pravite","category-9"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The College of Law Discusses a Master\u2019s thesis on The Theory of the Human Proxy in Establishing Civil Liability for Damages Caused by Smart Machines - College of Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The thesis aimed to identify the unique features of smart machines, to highlight the shortcomings of 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