The College of Law – University of Baghdad discussed a master’s thesis entitled “The Legal Regulation of Robotic Surgery: A Comparative Study,” submitted by the student Amal Adel Kadhim at the Private Law Department, on Thursday, July 2, 2026, at the College’s Virtual Court Hall.
The examination committee consisted of the following professors:
– Prof. Dr. Jalil Hassan Al-Saadi (Chairman)
– Prof. Dr. Waleed Khalid Khairi (Member)
– Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Abd Al-Sahib (Member)
– Assist. Prof. Dr. Muna Naim Jaaz (Member and Supervisor)
The thesis aimed to examine the legal regulation of robotic surgery and determine the legal liability of the multiple parties involved in such procedures, while assessing the adequacy of the current legal rules governing this field. It also sought to propose a legal framework that keeps pace with technological developments and addresses legislative shortcomings in this area.
The thesis consisted of two chapters. The first chapter addressed the conceptual framework of robotic surgery, while the second examined the legal provisions governing robotic surgery in terms of legal obligations and the determination of liability.
The thesis concluded with several recommendations, the most important of which are:
1. The necessity of establishing specific legislation on robotic surgery that defines its concept and the principles governing its use, as well as the legal liability arising from resulting harm, in a manner consistent with technological developments in the medical field.
2. Developing the rules of civil liability to accommodate the particular nature of robotic surgery, especially with regard to determining medical or technical fault and the mechanisms for proving such fault.
3. Requiring healthcare institutions to establish precise technical and procedural controls for the use of robotic systems, with regular maintenance and continuous updates of software and medical devices.
